Syllogism & Logical Deduction PYQs for UPSC (2011-2024) | Solved Questions & PDF Download

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Why Syllogism Matters in UPSC CSAT?

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Year-Wise Syllogism PYQs (2011-2024)

Directions for the following 2 (two) items:

Each of the following two items consists of four statements. Of these four statements, two cannot both be true, but both can be false. Study the statements carefully and identify the two that satisfy the above condition. Select the correct answer using the codes given below each set of statements:

01. Examine the following statements: [CSAT 2011]

1. All animals are carnivorous.

2. Some animals are not carnivorous.

3. Animals are not carnivorous.

4. Some animals are carnivorous.

(a) 1 and 3

(b) 1 and 2

(c) 2 and 3

(d) 3 and 4

 

Q2. Examine the following statements: [CSAT 2011]

1. All trains are run by diesel engine.

2. Some trains are run by diesel engine.

3. No train is run by diesel engine.

4. Some trains are not run by diesel engine.

(a) 1 and 2

(b) 2 and 3

(c) 1 and 3

(d) 1 and 4

 

 Q3. Consider the following argument: [CSAT 2011]

"In, order to be a teacher one must graduate from college. All poets are poor. Some Mathematicians are poets. No college graduate is poor."

Which one of the following is not a valid conclusion regarding the above argument?

(a) Some Mathematicians are not teachers.

(b) Some teachers are not Mathematicians.

(c) Teachers are not poor.

(d) Poets are not teachers.

 

Q4. Consider following three statements: [CSAT 2011]

1. Only students can participate in the race.

2. Some participants in the race are girls.

3. All girl participants in the race are invited for coaching.

Which one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?

(a) All participants in the race are invited for coaching.

(b) All students are invited for coaching.

(c) . All participants in the race are students.

(d) None of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct.

 

Q5. Consider the following statements: [CSAT 2012]

1. All artists are whimsical.

2. Some artists are drug addicts.

3. Frustrated people are prone to become drug addicts.

From the above three statements it may be concluded that

(a) Artists are frustrated.

(b) Some drug addicts are whimsical.

(c) All frustrated people are drug addicts.

(d) Whimsical people are generally frustrated.

 

Q6. Consider the following statements: [CSAT 2012]

1. All machines consume energy

2. Electricity provides energy

3. Electrically operated machines are cheap to maintain

4. Electrically operated machines do not cause pollution.

Which one of the following inferences can be drawn from the above statements?

(a) All machines are run by electric energy.

(b) There is no form of energy other than electricity

(c) Most machines are operated on electric energy.

(d) Electrically operated machines are preferable to use.

 

Q7. Examine the following statements: [CSAT 2012]

1. None but the rich can afford air-travel.

2. Some of those who travel by air become sick

3. Some of those who become sick require treatment

Which one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?

(a) All the rich persons travel by air.

(b) Those who travel by air become sick

(c) All the rich persons become sick.

(d) All those who travel by air are rich

 

Q8. Examine the following statements: [CSAT 2012]

1. None but students are the members of the club.

2. Some members of the club are married.

3. All married persons are invited for dance.

Which one of the conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?

(a) All students are invited for dance

(b) All married students are invited for dance

(c) All members of the club are married person

(d) None of the above conclusions can be drawn

 

Q9. Examine the following statements: [CSAT 2012]

1. Only those who have a pair of binoculars can become the member of the birdwatcher's club.

2. Some members of the birdwatcher's club have cameras.

3. Those members who have cameras can take part in photo-contests.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?

(a) All those who have a pair of binoculars are members of the birdwatcher's club.

(b) All members of the birdwatcher's club have a pair of binoculars.

(c) All those who take part in photo-contests are members of the birdwatcher's club.

(d) No conclusion can be drawn.

 

Q10. Consider the following statements followed by two conclusions: [CSAT 2015]

Statements: Some men are great. Some men are wise.

Conclusion I: Men are either great or wise.

Conclusion II: Some men are neither great nor wise.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Only conclusion I is valid.

(b) Only conclusion II is valid.

(c) Both the conclusions are valid.

(d) Neither of the conclusions is valid.

 

Q11. Examine the following statements: [CSAT 2017]

1. All colours are pleasant.

2. Some colours are pleasant.

3. No colour is pleasant.

4. Some colours are not pleasant.

Given that statement 4 is true, what can be definitely concluded?

(a) 1 and 2 are true

(b) 3 is true

(c) 2 is false

(d) 1 is false

 

Q12. Consider the following Statements and Conclusions: [CSAT 2019]

Statements-1: Some rats are cats.

Statements-2: Some cats are dogs.

Statements-3: No dog is a cow.

Conclusions-I: No cow is a cat.

Conclusions-II: No dog is a rat.

Conclusions-III: Some cats are rats.

Which of the above conclusions is/are drawn from the statements?

(a) I, II and III

(b) Only I and II

(c) Only III

(d) Only II and III

 

Q13. Two Statements are given followed by two Conclusions: [CSAT 2020]

Statements: All cats are dogs.

All cats are black.

Conclusion-I: All dogs are black.

Conclusion-II: Some dogs are not black.

Which of the above Conclusions logically follows/follow from the two given Statements, disregarding commonly known facts?

(a) Only Conclusion-I

(b) Only Conclusion-II

(c) Neither Conclusion-I nor Conclusion-II

(d) Both Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II

 

Q14. A Statement followed by Conclusion-I and Conclusion- II is given below. You have to take the Statement to be true even if it seems to be at variance from the commonly known facts. Read all Conclusions and then decide which of the given Conclusion(s) logically follows/ follow from the Statement, disregarding the commonly known facts.

Statement: Some radios are mobiles. All mobiles are computers. Some computers are watches. [CSAT 2021]

Conclusion-I: Certainly, some radios are watches.

Conclusion-II: Certainly, some mobiles are watches.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Only Conclusion-I.

(b) Only Conclusion-II.

(c) Both Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II.

(d) Neither Conclusion-I nor Conclusion-II.

 

Q15. A Statement followed by Conclusion-I and Conclusion- II is given below. You have to take the Statement to be true even if it seems to be at variance from the commonly known facts. Read all Conclusions and then decide which of the given Conclusion(s) logically follows/ follow from the Statement, disregarding the commonly known facts.

Statement: Some cats are almirahs. Some almirahs are chairs. All chairs are tables. [CSAT 2021]

Conclusion-I: Certainly, some almirahs are tables.

Conclusion-II: Some cats may not be chairs.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Only Conclusion-I.

(b) Only Conclusion-II.

(c) Both Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II.

(d) Neither Conclusion-I nor Conclusion-II.

 

Q16. Consider two Statements and four Conclusions given below. You have to take the Statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts. Read all conclusions and then decide which of the given Conclusion(s) logically follows/follow from the Statements, disregarding the commonly known facts. [CSAT 2021]

 

Statement-1: Some greens are blues.

Statement-2: Some blues are blacks.

Conclusion-1: Some greens are blacks.

Conclusion-2: No green is black.

Conclusion-3: All greens are blacks.

Conclusion-4: All blacks are greens.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Conclusion-1 and Conclusion-2 only.

(b) Conclusion-2 and Conclusion-3 only.

(c) Conclusion-3 and Conclusion-4 only.

(d) Neither Conclusion-1 nor 2 nor 3 nor 4.

 

Q17. Two Statements followed by four Conclusions are given below. You have to take the Statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts. Read all the Conclusions and then decide which of the given Conclusions logically follows/follow from the Statements, disregarding the commonly known facts: [CSAT 2022]

Statement-1: All pens are books.

Statement-2: No chair is a pen.

Conclusion-I: All chairs are books.

Conclusion-II: Some chairs are pens.

Conclusion-III: All books are chairs.

Conclusion-IV: No chair is a book.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Only Conclusion-I

(b) Only Conclusion-II

(c) Both Conclusion-III and Conclusion-IV.

(d) None of the Conclusions follows.

 

Q18. Three Statements followed by three Conclusions are given below. You have to take the Statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts. Read all the Conclusions and then decide which of the given Conclusions logically follows/follow from the Statements, disregarding the commonly, known facts: [CSAT 2022]

Statement-1: Some doctors are teachers.

Statement-2: All teachers are engineers.

Statement-3: All engineers are scientists.

 

Conclusion-I: Some scientists are doctors.

Conclusion-II: All engineers are doctors.

Conclusion-III: Some engineers are doctors.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Only Conclusion-I

(b) Only Conclusion-II

(c) Both Conclusion-I and Conclusion-III

(d) Both Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II

 

TRUE AND FALSE

 

Q19. Consider the following statements in respect of five candidates P, Q, R, S, and T. Two statements are true and one statement is false. [CSAT 2023]

True Statement: One of P and Q was selected for the job.

 False Statement: At least one of R and S was selected for the job.

True Statement: At most two of R, S and T were selected for the job.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn?

1. At least four were selected for the job.

2. S was selected for the job.

Select the correct answer using the code given below: (a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

 

Q20. Let P, Q, R, S and T be five statements such that:

[CSAT 2023]

I. If P is true, then both Q and S are true.

II. If R and S are true, then T is false

Which of the following can be concluded?

1. If T is true, then at least one of P and R must be false.

2. If Q is true, then P is true.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

 

Q21. A Statement is given followed by two Conclusions numbered I and II. Consider the Statement and the Conclusions. [CSAT 2024]

Statement: India is the world's largest producer of milk.

Conclusion-1: India is the world's largest exporter of milk.

Conclusion-II: India does not import milk.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Only Conclusion-I follows

(b) Only Conclusion-II follows

(c) Both Conclusion-I and Conclusion-II follow

(d) Neither Conclusion-I nor Conclusion-II follows

 

Q22. A Main Statement is followed by four Statements labelled P, Q, R and S. Choose the ordered pair of the Statements where the first Statement implies the second, and the two Statements are logically consistent with the Main Statement. [CSAT 2024]

Main Statement: Pradeep becomes either a Director or a Producer.

Statement P: Pradeep is a Director. Statement Q: Pradeep is a Producer.

Statement R: Pradeep is not a Director.

Statement S: Pradeep is not a Producer.

Select the correct answer.

(a) SP only

(b) RQ only

(c) Both SP and RQ

(d) Neither SP nor RQ

ANSWER KEY
1.      A	12.  C
2.      C	13.  C
3.      B	14.  D
4.      C	15.  C
5.      B	16.  D
6.      D	17.  D
7.      D	18.  C
8.      B	19.  D
9.      B	20.  A
10.  D	21.  D
11.  D	22.  C

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